Friday, August 24, 2012

Nocturnal Cairo


After midnight, the city is transformed. One of the world’s most nocturnal metropolises, late night Cairo bears little resemblance to its daytime counterpart. On an August night, I visited this city with A., my oldest friend in Egypt whose love for nighttime Cairo is matched only by his affinity for epic walks.

We set out from A.’s apartment near the Ministry of Interior at 2am. The ministry complex, a light pink fortress surrounded by tanks, barbed wire and black-uniformed police, was the site of some of the worst violence during Egypt’s 18-day revolution and subsequent street clashes. Usually buzzing with the deployment of foot soldiers across the city in blue cage-like trucks, the area is mercifully still as we walk away from it down a narrow alley.

Most shops and restaurants are closed at this time, but on nearly every block a kiosk is still open to sell packaged snacks and drinks. A recent shortage of bottled water has led to price gouging, so I pay almost double for a small bottle. Hours after sunset and despite the occasional breeze, Cairo is still hotter than I care for. Bits of ice floating in the water soothe my dry throat.

There are a few other shops open as well. Barbers in Cairo often keep late hours, so when we pass a storefront window, I’m not surprised to find fluorescent light illuminating a couple of middle-aged men getting shaves. At one corner, a young storeowner sits in his eyewear shop; it’s not clear whether he expects to do business at this time or is just taking refuge here from his parents’ home.

A half hour into our walk, we turn down a wide boulevard lined with shuttered shops. Blissfully quiet in the middle of the night, A. reminds me that this is Cairo’s main market for used electronics. A few hours earlier, vendors were hawking goods that were stacked on tables spilling from the sidewalks into the road. Now it is so desolate that A. recommends we not linger; people don’t come here to take walks, so someone might think we were trying to steal something.

We walk down the middle of the road, cars passing occasionally until we reach Opera Square. Cairo’s opera house was built here by Khedive Ismail in 1869 but burned down a century later. An ugly parking garage stands in its place. This square is the intersection of several busy downtown streets and neighborhoods, and I’ve never seen it this empty. Groups of people spot the square, some sitting by a statue in the middle, others walking across to the far side. Without the burgeoning crowds, this place I’ve been dozens of time seems enormous. I snap a few pictures, pleased to do so without attracting the standard overdose of attention.

A. and I walk through the side streets. Though we pass people nearly every block—a shop owner tending to his bodega, a pair of security guards dozing off in plastic chairs, groups of men at an outdoor café—it’s the quietest I’ve ever seen Cairo. A motorcycle carrying three young men—a common appearance in Cairo—whizzes by us and the driver asks us directions to a 24-hour fast food restaurant without stopping. An ambulance passes in the other direction; unnervingly, its driver also asks for directions.

Eventually, we wind back towards the Nile. Before the river comes into view, we notice the neon lights on its bank and the electronic music pulsing from boats docked there. The crowd is smaller than usual, but horse-drawn carriages are still parked in the gutter and the sidewalk is full of young people: vendors of roasted corn on the cob, juice and popcorn; night revelers who take refuge from Cairo’s strict social norms on floating rule-free parties; and curious onlookers. A. and I strain our necks to catch a glimpse of the female dancers employed on the boats to attract customers, but every time we look we see only men dancing with each other.

Passing by dozens of nearly identical boats, we climb to the top of a bridge, passing two street children sleeping on the stairs despite the clamor of music, honking and yelling. From up here, the boats’ lights reflect on the river’s dark surface. The sun is not yet visible, but its proximity brightens the sky slightly, highlighting the layer of smog that hangs over this city, both day and night.

Wednesday, August 22, 2012

Sin City: Cairo


The past three days have been full of revelry as Cairo marked the end of Ramadan in typically loud and rambunctious fashion. Many Cairenes often escape to one of Egypt’s many beaches for the holiday, and those who don’t leave spend the afternoons at home with family before descending on the downtown neighborhood where I live. It was a relief when I remembered that all these people had come out in celebration rather than protest.

On the last night of Ramadan, young men waited—queued would be too generous a description—one block down from my building for the local liquor store to open. For a reason unknown to me (infant industry?), imported alcohol is not easily available in Egypt. A few local beers that taste equally bland, a couple of overpriced Egyptian wines, and homemade liquor known for its tendency to cause blindness are available in outlets spotted across the city. The shop on my street made the shrewd business decision to open at midnight on the last night of Ramadan. Closed for a full month, none of the beers were cold but that mattered little to the desperate customers.

I discovered the results of that decision when I woke up the next morning (afternoon, actually) and left my apartment. On the gray cobblestone sidewalk outside of my building, I stepped on the shattered remnants of a green beer bottle, part of the Stella brand label still distinguishable. The neighborhood was quiet for that time of day, as people slept off the previous night’s outing and sat at home with family. Crossing the street, I stole glances at a teenager on the opposite sidewalk drinking from a brown paper bag. At the end of the block, a small truck had backed up onto the sidewalk, replenishing the local shop’s beer supply while a line of customers streamed out the door.

Where the heck am I, I thought. This isn’t the ultra conservative behavior one might expect from a country now ruled by the “extremist” Muslim Brotherhood. And alcohol was not the only vice in ample supply this weekend; I caught more than a few wifts of hashish in the streets. Maybe that explains why on the second night of eid (holiday) I saw a guy lying calmly on the roof of his friend’s car as he drove around downtown.

Sunday, August 19, 2012

End of Ramadan



Mostafa only ever calls to ask one thing: Are you going out tonight?

I knew to expect that when I answered the phone yesterday just after dusk, but then he added: It’s very important that you come out with us tonight and tomorrow.

Yesterday was the last day of Ramadan, the month of daytime fasting and nighttime revelry celebrated each year by a billion Muslims around the world. For four weeks, most Egyptians keep the following schedule: sleep for as many hours of daylight as possible (work days are reduced to six hours and productivity falls sharply), break the fast as the sun dips under the horizon, quick nap, eat some more, go out shopping or to cafes, eat as much as possible before sunrise, head back to sleep. I’ve been back in Cairo for the last few days of Ramadan, and my sleeping schedule has followed the Egyptian norm but my eating and drinking habits have been a bit different (more on that in my next post).

The fasting ended yesterday at sunset, as I was riding on the back of my friend Travis’ motorcycle from the gym (where Travis and I were the only ones sneaking in sips of water in the bathroom). On Qasr al Aini Street downtown, people handed out dates to passing cars and cyclists. The skies filled with the call to prayer as the last rays of sun leapt up from the horizon, and the city breathed a sigh of relief that it had survived another Ramadan.

After eating and showering, I went out to meet Mostafa and his friends, who have become my friends in the past six months. Downtown was bustling with families out shopping and young men taking refuge together from spending time with their families. Despite the helicopters circling above the city for no apparent reason, the night was marked by an air of pure joy, rare in Egypt during the past year and a half of political instability and economic uncertainty.

I found my boys on a side street that is usually quiet, but tonight people spilled over into it from the main avenues. They were standing, six of them, against a parked car drinking soda and smoking cigarettes. I kissed everyone hello on both cheeks, sharing in the holiday spirit. We talked for about an hour before meeting up with a few more guys on the corniche to ride a felucca (a small sailboat) on the Nile.

One of the guys bought warm beers from a local shop that had just opened, and we began drinking as the boat pushed away from the dock. We were not alone, though, as dozens of other feluccas passed by as well as the loud, tacky flat bottom boats that blare electronica across the calm, dark water and sometimes feature female dancers. Getting onto the Nile provides a refuge from the crowdedness of Cairo as well as many of its social restrictions.

We sailed about for several hours, often circling around a defunct fountain in the middle of the river that we briefly considered trying to climb onto. We drank and smoke and ate snacks as conversation ranged from favorite Ramadan television series (most popular seems to be about an Egyptian who robbed an Israeli bank, then got into misadventures in various Arab countries as he tried to make his way home) to inside jokes I didn’t always catch.

Our boat’s captain, an old man from southern Egypt dressed in traditional white galabiya and turban, supplied the background music of Um Kalthoum, Egypt’s beloved singer of long, drawn-out poetry. Unhappy with that selection, Mostafa took my phone and played some other Arabic music before settling on a playlist of the top 500 rock n’ roll songs. Song after song, the guys sang along to the Who, Crosby, Stills and Nash, Dylan, the Stones, the Kinks, the Doors, Tom Petty, the Beatles. Beautiful songs about drugs, women, liberation in a time and place where those things are in relatively short supply.

We finally returned to the dock at 3am and went on to a street cafe downtown. I left the boys drinking tea and smoking shisha there at 5am, and I lied in bed listening to the eid prayer, a particularly long one, envelop the city.

Here are some pictures from the second half of our evening, at the cafe.





Mostafa 
Vibration and Beshbeshu

Lashiin the machine

Faisal

Maged

Foreign Policy: Little solace for Syrians in Egypt

By Stephen Kalin

Abu Baraa knew it was time to leave Syria in June 2011 when state security asked him to become an informant against the revolution. To refuse that offer, he reasonably feared, would invite imprisonment and torture if not certain death. Abandoning his home in the suburbs of Damascus, the site of the harshest initial fighting, he shuttled his wife, Um Baraa, and their two children onto a plane to Egypt and joined them there after a month in hiding.
Days later in Cairo, the family attended an anti-Assad demonstration at the Syrian embassy. "It was the first time we felt comfortable enough to participate," said Um Baraa. "I wanted our chants to reach Syria." More than a year later, the fighting back home persists while she and her family continue to wait in Egypt for the day when they can return safely to a free Syria.
Thousands of Syrians have come in the past year to an Egyptian exile that is safer than their war torn homeland, but still full of hardship. Intensifying violence in Syria this summer has accelerated that forced migration -- the United Nations counts more than 1,300 registered refugees while unofficial estimates exceed 10,000. This is smaller than the diasporas in the countries bordering Syria where unofficial estimates exceed 200,000, but for many Syrians who can scrape together the money for a flight, Egypt is preferable to crowded refugee camps in Jordan and Turkey or the sectarian streets of Lebanon.
However Egypt's government, mired in its own tumultuous political transition, has been able to do little for these refugees. Instead, Syrians rely on the charity of others and their own ingenuity to survive. They have banded together to form small communities that secure basic needs like food, shelter, and medical attention. Yet while they hold out hope for the situation back home to improve, and sometimes even participate in the opposition from abroad, their collective frustration continues to mount. more

Friday, July 13, 2012

A Museum Fit For Kings: A Business Today exclusive on the construction underway on the Grand Egyptian Museum — the newest addition to the Pyramid Zone

By Stephen Kalin

The construction of Egypt’s newest engineering and architectural marvel began recently just steps away from the oldest and largest of the ancient pyramids at Giza. Set on a massive track of land measuring nearly 500,000 square meters next to Remayah Square, the Grand Egyptian Museum is set to open to visitors in July 2015.

Tasked with housing the most important and representative artifacts from Egypt’s Pharaonic history under one roof, the Grand Egyptian Museum will eventually display 100,000 artifacts in 32,000 square meters of exhibition space, making it one of the largest museums in the world. 

Advanced information technology will deliver audio visual presentations to visitors in multiple languages, facilitating their journey through thousands of years of Egyptian history. In addition to the spacious galleries, the museum is set to include a library, a theater, lecture halls, classrooms, shops and cafes.

The Grand Egyptian Museum will take over for the Egyptian Antiquities Museum in downtown Cairo’s Tahrir Square, which has become notorious for its overstuffed and disorganized viewing galleries. The early 20th century landmark building will eventually be repurposed, possibly as a cultural and advanced research center. more

Monday, June 25, 2012

PolicyMic: Mohamed Morsi and Muslim Brotherhood Face Challenge From Egyptian Military

By Stephen Kalin

Soon after the Egyptian election commission’s unendurably long press conference on the results of the country's presidential election, the White House released a statement congratulating President-elect Mohamed Morsi. Similar announcements poured in from around the world, cementing the Muslim Brotherhood’s victory with the seal of international recognition. Notably absent from the cacophony was the Israeli government.

Morsi is posed to become the first Islamist head of an Arab state and Egypt’s first non-military president. His victory is a mixed bag for many Egyptians as well as many foreign countries. The victory of a former Mubarak-era political prisoner is Obama-esque in its symbolism, but less rosy are the implications of an Egypt governed by the Muslim Brotherhood, which has been compared to Mubarak’s former National Democratic Party for its strict hierarchical structure and refusal to accept criticism. more

Friday, June 22, 2012

Business Today: Daily Deals Hit Egypt: One of the biggest internet commerce trends reaches Egypt

By Stephen Kalin

It took nearly 24 hours after deadly football clashes in a Port Said stadium in February before thousands of mourning Egyptians amassed in Cairo’s Tahrir Square to protest police negligence. But Abdellatif Olama, CEO of a new internet-based consumer discount website, was able to observe the public’s negative reaction in real time. “On that day,” he says, “we were having record sales until the moment when it happened, and then the day ended sales with the same number that it had at 6 pm.”

At the helm of Dare’n’Deal, one of the four major daily deal websites in Egypt, Olama can track consumer spending habits closely. Egypt has witnessed healthy growth in this industry for several years, and the so-called ‘Facebook revolution’ in 2011 led to a more than 30% increase in the number of internet users, according to the Ministry for Communications and Information Technology. E-commerce companies wisely regard these new users as a huge growth potential.

Daily deal, or group buying, sites are currently one of the hottest segments in the industry. They were pioneered and popularized by Chicago-based Groupon, which was valued at $12.7 billion (LE 76.69 billion) when it went public last November, according to The Wall Street Journal.

The model is simple: These websites offer customers vouchers for highly discounted services from local merchants. The offer is advertised for a limited period and once a minimum number of consumers express interest in the deal, it becomes active and available to all. Consumers enjoy steep discounts, retailers get new customers and risk-free advertising, and the website takes a hefty commission.

Since its founding in late 2008, Groupon has reaped tremendous profits and expanded rapidly to cities across the US and around the world. Simultaneously, it has witnessed a plethora of copycat sites, chief among them being LivingSocial, which calls into question the sustainability of a business model that seemingly lacks any meaningful barriers to entry.

Fearing economic instability as a result of the Arab spring, Groupon’s global expansion has largely skipped over the Middle East. However, Living Social arrived in Egypt in mid-2011 on the heels of a several regional and domestic Groupon duplicates. more